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Vitamin E, C supplements do not reduce cancer risk, experts say

Taking vitamin E and vitamin C supplements does not make contracting cancer less likely, according to a new study.That finding comes from the Physicians’ Health Study II, which recently showed that taking vitamin C and vitamin E supplements also may not lower the risk of heart attack or stroke, but is likely to lower the risk of catching infectious diseases.Doctors have now analyzed study data on cancer risk and found no sign of lower cancer risk in people taking vitamin E and vitamin C supplements daily during the study.The results were presented yesterday in Washington, D.C., at an international meeting on cancer prevention research hosted by the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR).The research project included 14,600 male doctors aged 50 and older in the U.S.Some of the doctors were assigned to take 400 international units (IU) of vitamin E every other day. Others were assigned to take 500 milligrams of vitamin C every day during the study. For comparison, a third group of doctors took placebos.

Among all the doctors, there were 1,929 cases of cancer, including 1,013 cases of prostate cancer, during the study. Cancer rates were similar among the doctors taking vitamin E or vitamin C supplements and those taking the placebo.

“After nearly 10 years of supplementation with either vitamin E or vitamin C, we found no evidence supporting the use of either supplement in the prevention of cancer,” Dr. Howard Sesso, the study’s author, said.

– by Gene J. Koprowski, Editorial Director, and Nancy Bruening, Executive Editor

‘Am I my brother’s keeper?’ No he’s not. Sen. Obama’s brother, George, faces cholera, malaria every day, alone

“That spirit of looking out for one another, that core value that says, ‘I am my brother’s keeper, I am my sister’s keeper,’ that spirit is most evident during times of great tragedy. It’s most evident during times of great hardship, it’s most when natural disasters strike. We all understand that we have to come together.”


– Sen. Barack Hussein Obama (D-Ill.) on the campaign trail, Sept. 2, 2008

Senator Barack Obama (D-Ill.) frequently claims on the hustings, as part of his campaign for the presidency, that he would like to usher in a new era of “change” where Americans would indeed be their “brother’s keeper.” But the multi-millionaire author of the best-seller Dreams from My Father: A Story of Race and Inheritance (Random House) does not live by his own professed ethos. His own half-brother lives in squalor in a hovel in Nairobi, Kenya. Senator Obama does nothing to help the 26-year-old man, who lives a dissolute life, where his health and welfare are seriously threatened every day.

The conditions his brother lives in are worse than those on the south side of Chicago, where Obama was a community agitator for the radical Saul Alinsky organization during the late 1980s. Much worse.  

The Kenyan government has not lent a helping hand to Senator Obama’s younger brother, George, either, even though it professes to have a policy to help the poor and sick there.

Infection Protection & Control’s Nairobi, Kenya Correspondent David James interviewed George Obama, the presidential candidate’s brother, last week.

Here is his story:

George Hussein Obama, lives in a tiny single room in a sprawling ghetto in Nairobi, known as Huruma. When I visited, I noticed that his room stinks of a foul stench of alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana smoke. The neighborhood is fetid and teeming with prostitutes. The most common food sold in the streets in this neighborhood is rotting fish. The fish is exposed to all sorts of disease; hordes of flies and other parasites are able to feed on it before it is sold to Obama and his neighbors. These living conditions put Obama’s brother in grave danger of contracting a host of deadly infections including: salmonella, listeria, malaria,  HIV/AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis and Chlamydia, asthma, and tuberculosis, Dr. Kimotho, a medical doctor in Kenya’s leading hospital, Nairobi Hospital, tells Infection Protection.  The environment also is conducive to “cancer,” Dr. Kimotho says.

Senator Obama’s brother languishes here, while senator Obama lives comfortably in a mansion in Chicago near the prestigious University of Chicago, and makes about $2 million annually from book royalty revenues and his $160,000 senate salary.

According to George Obama, who shares the same biological father with Barack, and the same middle name, Hussein, and last name, Obama, he was born in this environment of depravation and ill-health, has never left it, and has “not received any help from my brother.”

Cases of cholera and typhoid have also sometimes been reported in George Obama’s neighborhood. According to George Obama, he doesn’t “worry” much about his health.  He really has little choice in the matter. He lives reclusively, and begs for money from journalists, who come to interview him. However, in a friendly, familial spirit, he supports his brother’s presidential ambitions and hopes to meet him soon.

During the interview with Infection Protection, the younger Obama sported a black baseball cap with the “Obama for president” logo. Kenya’s Luo tribal community - Obama’s ancestral clan - is also excited about the presidential ambitions of Sen. Obama. Clan members who own taxis have festooned them with laudatory images of Sen. Obama, as if he is some sort of pagan god. Obama’s brother is not the only member of his family who still lives in Africa. In rural Kisumu where senator Obama’s grandmother lives, the already-high rates of HIV/AIDS have recently increased. Diseases like cholera and typhoid have also been prevalent there. I asked if Sen. Obama offers him financial assistance, but George confessed that “Obama has not offered me any financial help, nor my aunt who I live with.”

He is skeptical whether his multi-millionaire brother will rescue him from his current abject poverty. George lives next to a “twilight girls den,”  a brothel, located in an area with poor drainage, and even worse sanitation.

Infection protection measures for these public health hazards should include: proper sanitation, proper food handling, public health education and legitimate housing, rather than the shanties that dot the streets.

No effective government measures have been implemented, however.

The Kenyan government issued a new policy to adopt male circumcision as a standard HIV prevention strategy, Kenya’s Nation newspaper reported just last spring. The Policy on Male Circumcision in Kenya 2008 calls for the procedure to be provided to all willing males. The decision to adopt circumcision as an HIV intervention follows reports showing that male circumcision can significantly lower risk for HIV, the Nation reports.

Kenyan health workers, meantime, are continuing to prescribe non-recommended antimalarial drugs that cause drug resistance because new prescribing policies have been poorly implemented, according to a recent study.

The study, led by Beatrice Wasunna – a researcher at the Kenya Medical Research Institute-Wellcome Trust Research Programme – was published in Malaria Journal in February of this year.

The Kenyan government introduced the WHO-recommended artemisinin based combination therapy (ACT) of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) for uncomplicated malaria treatment in 2006, after the malaria parasite was found to have developed resistance for the commonly used sulphur-based drugs.

Sen. Obama, during last week’s Clinton Global Initiative in New York City, offered yet more lofty rhetoric about health care. He promised that he would “eliminate” malaria from Africa by 2015. Many are skeptical this will happen due to the high rates of malaria infection throughout the continent.

Sen. Obama’s campaign, headquarted in Chicago, would not comment when asked, three times, for a quote for this story about his forsaken sibling by Infection Protection.

As Hillary Clinton said during the Democratic primaries this past year, Sen. Obama offers words, while others offer actions.

Though Sen. Obama promises “change,” we can probably expect more of the same characteristically evasive and elusive behavior from him for the rest of the campaign against Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.), the Republican nominee for president.

As Obama himself has said, to him it is his beautiful words that matter most.  “I want to wake up and know that every single American has health care when they need it, that every senior has prescription drugs they can afford, and that no parents are going to bed at night worrying about how they’ll afford medicine for a sick child. That’s the future we can build together. That’s the choice you’ll have this fall. And that’s why I’m running for President of the United States of America,” said Barack Obama, on the campaign trail on June 5, 2008, the very week he clinched the Democratic nomination for the presidency.

– by David James, Nairobi, Kenya Correspondent

– Editing by Chris Wright, Gene J. Koprowski, Nancy Bruening


Barack Hussein Obama’s younger brother, George Hussein Obama (c), along with Infection Protection Nairobi, Kenya Correspondent David James  (r) and an unidentified female friend.

 

 

 

 

 


Typical fare — insect-infested fish — available for dining in George Hussein Obama’s neighborhood. 

 

Photos by Infection Protection & Control (Copyright 2008).

Doctors discover protein that boosts immune system after chemotherapy

Chemotherapy, the most commonly used clinical treatment for cancer patients, has always had a dangerous downside that put patents at risk for new diseases: it radically reduces the number of lymphocytes in the body. That then lowers the immune system’s ability to fight off infections.

Now, a study being conducted at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) holds out hope to cancer patients. The program researches a naturally produced cytokine called interleukin-7 (IL-7), a small protein that can give a natural boost to the immune system.

According to Dr. Crystal Mackall, chief of the pediatric oncology branch of the National Cancer Institute, and a team member in the program, doctors first saw the possible benefit of IL-7 to renew and replenish the immune system in patients undergoing chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer in 1996. The team began to experiment with the multifunctional cytokine using mice and monkeys as subjects, as well as developing laboratory models. These experiments showed that IL-7 clearly generates many naïve T cells; essential for the immune system to help the body fight cancer.

As the study of IL-7 continued, the doctors prepared to test the drug on people. Sixteen cancer patients who had not responded to other treatments were selected to receive subcutaneous, or below-the-skin, injections of laboratory-generated form of IL-7, labeled rhIL-7, every other day for fourteen days. The results of this test were quite amazing. Not only was there a significant increase in the total number of lymphocytes found in the bloodstreams of the patients, but IL-7 actually increased the numbers of naïve T cells in older patients to the point that they now had a blood count profile identical with young people and children.

Comparing IL-7 with an earlier interleukin application, IL-2, shows that IL-7 has overcome many of the drawbacks of the earlier drug and other immuno-therapies. IL-7 produces potent and long-lived T cells, plus aiding other therapies in cancer patients who have experienced a sharp decline in white cell blood counts and are at real risk for infections. IL-7 has also proven efficient in increasing the immune ability of HIV and HCV patients.

When asked how soon IL-7 will become more available to clinicians in combating the immune deficiencies of cancer patients, Dr. Mackall told Infection Protection, “At present, the IL-7 vaccine is produced in very small quantities by a very small pharmaceutical company. The company is concentrating its research on Hepatitis C patients in hopes that a larger pharmaceutical company will buy the rights to production. Until that happens, IL-7 will probably not become available on a widespread basis.”

Still, the small protein interleukin-7 has been proven to be an effective treatment for cancer patients who suffer from reduced effectiveness of the immune system. Some of those patients do not respond at all to other immunological therapies, and IL-7 may prove to be their only hope in recovering a strong immunity to other infections.

– by Dr. Herb Marlow, PhD, Dallas Correspondent

 

National Cancer Institute funding private research for cancer vaccine

The National Cancer Institute is collaborating with a private firm, GlobeImmune, Inc., to develop vaccines to treat an array of cancers. GlobeImmune will utilize its proprietary Tarmogen technology to develop multiple immunotherapy products expressing various cancer antigens provided by the NCI. NCI will conduct and fund preclinical and early clinical development of the product candidates.

Dr. Jeffrey Schlom, Chief of the Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology at the NCI, will be the principal investigator for these studies. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is the first cancer antigen to be evaluated in this collaboration. The antigen is over-expressed in a number of human cancers, including over 90 percent of gastrointestinal cancers — colorectal, pancreas — and  70 percent of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) and 50 percent of breast cancers.

According to Dr. Timothy C. Rodell, CEO of GlobeImmune, the collaboration with the NCI “will bring substantial expertise and resources to investigate the potential of our technologies with these important cancer targets. This collaboration has the potential to allow GlobeImmune to bring additional products into the clinic.”

The project is being conducted through a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA).

GlobeImmune is a private Colorado-based company developing active immunotherapies for the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases.

– by Nancy Bruening, Managing Editor

HIV infection increases risk of contracting common cancers, new study shows

Patients undergoing treatment for HIV are at a “higher risk for common cancers” than the general population, even when they receive innovative antiviral therapies, according to a new study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine.

Doctors refer to these so-called “opportunistic infections” as a way of determining which of their patients has progressed to AIDS.  

The risk of anal cancer increased 59 times in people with HIV, according to U.S. patient records studied from 2000 through 2003. Researchers said cervical cancer risk was at least 10 times higher and the chance of getting immune tissue tumors was at least 17 percent.

AIDS attacks the immune system, giving bizarre cancers such as Kaposi’s sarcoma, a skin tumor, leave to grow unchecked. Infected patients and their doctors should also be on guard for more common forms of cancer, the second leading killer in the U.S. after heart disease, said Pragna Patel, a researcher with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta.

“If an HIV patient comes in with the signs and symptoms of cancer, they should be screened, regardless of their age,” Patel told journalists.

More than 33 million people in the world have HIV, the human immunodeficiency virus, with more than three-quarters of them in Africa.

AIDS was first identified more than 25 years ago when unusually high numbers of young people began seeking care for rare infections and cancers.

– by Gene J. Koprowski, Editorial Director, and Nancy Bruening, Associate Managing Editor

Common cancers increase with AIDS infection — not just Kaposi’s sarcoma.

Human Papillomavirus infection linked to tongue cancer, dental school researchers show

Patients with periodontitis and human papillomavirus (HPV) are at “increased risk” of developing tongue cancer, according to new research conducted at the University at Buffalo School of Dental Medicine.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that destroys connective tissue and bone supporting the teeth.

Researchers published the first study showing an association between long-standing periodontitis and risk of tongue cancer in the May issue of Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery.

Dr. Mine Tezal, DDS, PhD., assistant professor in the Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, UB dental school, and research scientist at Roswell Park Cancer Institute, presented results of this research at the 2008 American Association of Dental research meeting in Dallas.

“Evidence of periodontitis-HPV synergy has important practical implications,” said Tezal, “There is a safe treatment for periodontitis, but no treatment for HPV infection. If these results are confirmed by other studies, this has a tremendous relevance in predicting and intervening in the initiation and prognosis of HPV-related diseases, including head and neck cancers.”

The study involved 30 patients newly diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma on the base of the tongue between 1999 and 2005.  Cumulative history of periodontitis was determined by assessing the loss of alveolar bone, the bones that underlie and support the teeth, via X-ray.

Tumor status was identified from paraffin-embedded tumor samples analyzed by polymerase chain reaction. Analysis concentrated on the presence of tumors containing the DNA of two of the most common types of HPV virus associated with oropharyngeal cancers, HPV-16 and HPV- 18.

Results showed that 63 percent, or 19 out of 30 patients, had tumors that were positive for HPV-16 DNA.

The study was supported by a grant to Tezal from the National Cancer Institute of NIH.

– by the Editors

HPV infection increases risk of tongue cancer, according to a study funded by the NCI.